Covers the complex topic of Power System Protection and Coordination. After an introductory overview, we look at short-circuit calculations, fuses, and the protection of distribution transformers, feeders and lines. Finally, we’ll look at substations, overvoltage protection and ferroresonance.
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Surveys the types and characteristics of faults, and the equipment we protect. We’ll look at overcurrent protective devices, how to estimate the magnitude of fault currents and the asymmetrical and symmetrical components of fault current.
Course Code: PC1
Runtime: 45 minutes
We develop procedures for determining the magnitude of fault currents, using three methods, ohmic, per-unit, and percent, building a reference table summarizing the equations we develop.
Course Code: PC2
Prerequisite Course: Introduction to Protection and Coordination of Distribution Circuits Course (PC1)
Runtime: 45 minutes
Building on the skills developed in the Short Circuit module, we consider the devices used to protect network components, including expulsion fuses, current-limiting fuses, power fuses and cable limiters.
Course Code: PC3
Prerequisite Courses: Introduction to Protection and Coordination of Distribution Circuits Course (PC1) and Short Circuit Calculations Course (PC2)
Runtime: 45 minutes
Covers loading capabilities of transformers, withstand curves, fusing ratio and the need to limit fault energy. We also survey specialized equipment such as completely self-protected (CSP) transformers and pad-mounted units.
Course Code: PC4
Prerequisite Courses: Introduction to Protection and Coordination of Distribution Circuits Course (PC1), Short Circuit Calculations Course (PC2) and Fuses for Distribution Circuits Course (PC3)
Runtime: 30 minutes
Examines the protection of main feeders emanating from the distribution station and the branches that feed local areas. We start with the fuses that protect lines outside the station and then go upstream to the relays that protect the main feeders at the station itself.
Course Code: PC5
Prerequisite Courses: Introduction to Protection and Coordination of Distribution Circuits Course (PC1), Short Circuit Calculations Course (PC2) and Fuses for Distribution Circuits Course (PC3) and Protection for Distribution Transformers Course (PC4)
Runtime: 40 minutes
We look at faults on distribution substation transformers and how they dictate protection settings, as well as how we deal with transformer inrush and pickup current. We show how to select a primary fuse to protect the station transformer and how to coordinate with upstream and downstream devices. Finally, we’ll look at the complete protection scheme for a real-world substation.
Course Code: PC6
Prerequisite Courses: Introduction to Protection and Coordination of Distribution Circuits Course (PC1), and Protection for Distribution Feeders and Lines Course (PC5)
Runtime: 20 minutes
The sources of overvoltage, lightning waves, and how we test equipment to withstand these conditions. We discuss two lightning arrester designs and review the various classes of arresters and their effect on our systems. We wrap up with a discussion of ferroresonance.
Course Code: PC7
Prerequisite Course: Introduction to Protection and Coordination of Distribution Circuits Course (PC1)
Runtime: 35 minutes